It’s hard to imagine how the Empire State Building could be built in a year. But it was. How did they do it? The builders framed the problem differently than we would today. Their mental model – which dictated what was important and what was not – would not be recognized in today’s commercial world, except perhaps by those who understand lean thinking. Lean thinkers look at the world through a different set of glasses. Join Mary and Tom Poppendieck for a Lean in a Nutshell – a fast-paced tutorial aimed at senior developers, team leads, and development managers.